How media and community engagement drive disability inclusion in Kenya

June 2025

People with disabilities in Kenya face significant stigma and discrimination in the labour market.

This includes misconceptions about their abilities, a lack of workplace accessibility, and discriminatory hiring practices. A recent report by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Kenya highlights that the economic loss due to the exclusion of people with disabilities amounts to approximately 6.95% of the gross domestic product (GDP). This exclusion is rooted in socio-cultural norms, stigmas and limited socio-economic opportunities. The Kenyan Constitution of 2010 guarantees the rights of people with disabilities to education, employment, health care and social services. However, these rights are not always upheld in practice.

Addressing barriers through social behaviour change

Through Inclusive Futures, Sightsavers and partner Kenya Female Advisory Organization (KEFEADO), set out to address the deeply rooted stigma and discrimination, which prevents people with disabilities, particularly women, from getting a job or owning a business in Kenya.  They used social behaviour change (SBC) activities, such as educational workshops to dispel myths about disability, community dialogues to foster empathy, and peer support to empower individuals, to transform negative attitudes and foster inclusion.

Together with partner KEFEADO, the project trained gender champions to run community sessions on challenges women face. Millicent Owade, a participant in the project, was selected as a gender champion. She has personal experience of gender-based violence and is passionate about women’s empowerment. “In my role as a champion, I normally hold meetings with the women to sensitise them on how we can go, or we can talk. I normally visit most of the women’s groups and talk with them about how a woman can have her own money to avoid family conflicts,” she explains.

Watch our video to see how community radio helped Alex stay in school.

A group of female farmers sit in a semi-circle and having a discussion.
Women sorghum farmers in Migori discuss pressing gender issues as part of the Global Labor Program’s social behaviour change initiatives. © Sightsavers/Johnston Nyarega

Amplifying voices and challenging norms

Complementing these efforts, Inclusive Futures partner BBC Media Action (BBCMA) used community radio and social media to amplify marginalised voices and challenge societal norms. They played a crucial role in advancing the project’s objectives of consumers taking collective actions to influence employment practices along national and transnational value chains. BBCMA’s specific contribution involved training journalists from community radio stations on the principles of inclusion and developing radio programmes to improve audiences’ knowledge about labour and disability rights. This targeted media intervention aimed to foster an improved perception among audiences regarding the participation of people with disabilities in the labour market.

Their targeted programming effectively raised awareness of disability rights and inclusion, shared powerful personal stories of resilience and achievement, facilitated crucial community discussions on stigma, and promoted positive role models to dismantle stereotypes.

As a result, people with disabilities showed greater confidence to demand better treatment and workplace inclusion, for example, by requesting accommodations and advocating for equitable resources from employers. As one female listener with a physical disability stated, “As a person with disability, I have learnt that I have my rights just like other people. As a businessperson, I now know about my workers’ rights and cannot give room to anybody to look down upon me and intimidate me at my work.”

A female listener with a hearing impairment from Homa Bay noted, “Through the radio programme however, I learnt that employers could provide reasonable accommodations to help someone work just as well as other people who are not disabled. This shifted my perception to feel that I can too and other people with disabilities can also work in such jobs.”

Two women are seated opposite each other, engaged in conversation, each speaking into a professional-style microphone. They are in a recording environment.
A journalist and a sorghum farmer discuss work, disability and human rights, as the farmer details the specific challenges she faces in her daily work as a person with albinism. © David Njuguna

Impact and lessons learned

Several key lessons have emerged from Inclusive Futures’ work on social behaviour change in Kenya. Firstly, it is of critical importance to centre the voices and lived experiences of people with disabilities throughout all stages of project design and implementation, ensuring their perspectives are not only heard but actively shape the interventions.

Secondly, using a variety of approaches combining direct community engagement initiatives with broader media campaigns can help to tackle the complex issue of stigma at both individual and societal levels. Furthermore, the power of strategic partnerships cannot be overstated, bringing together organisations with different expertise in disability inclusion, gender equality, and media for development can create more comprehensive and impactful solutions.

Finally, there is a clear need for sustained and tailored activities that acknowledge the intersectional nature of stigma. It’s important to recognise that people with disabilities often face multiple layers of marginalisation and therefore require approaches that address their specific and nuanced needs.

As Michael Odong, technical adviser for social behaviour change at Sightsavers states, “Our work in Kenya underscored the importance of a multi-layered approach. While gender champions worked tirelessly at the grassroots level to empower women with disabilities and challenge local stigmas, community radio amplified these messages, reaching a wider audience. It was this synergy that truly began to shift the narrative, showing that people with disabilities are not only capable but are vital contributors to their communities and economies when societal barriers are removed.”

Conclusion

Creating a truly equitable labour market and inclusive society in Kenya where people with disabilities can get a decent job and earn a living and create a better future for their families, demands a continued and intensified commitment to challenging stigma and discrimination. By actively supporting inclusive employment practices, amplifying the voices of marginalised groups through platforms like community radio, and implementing targeted social behaviour change strategies, we can pave the way for a future where everyone has the opportunity to participate and thrive.

The journey towards a more inclusive Kenya requires collective action. Visit our resource hub for more lessons and guidance on tackling disability stigma.